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In his defense, Socrates claimed that it was impossible for anyone to believe in human things without believing in human beings. Anyway, the supposedly impious beliefs he is accused of holding--e.g.

The trial took place in Athens in 399 BCE. Socrates says he is not afraid of death and shall not act contrary to religious duty.

He recounts how his friend Chaerephon once asked the Delphic Oracle if anyone was wiser than Socrates. But he would not have felt bound merely to reproduce, as best he could, the speech that Socrates delivered. There is no reason to suppose that Xenophon had learned of these aspects of the trial from Plato. Athenians considered immorality as a direct result of impiety (Apology 19c). As a spokesman for the Oracle at Delphi, he is to spur the Athenians to greater awareness of ethics and moral conduct and always shall question and argue. Secondly, believing in other supernatural gods other than the gods commissioned by the state of Athens (Apology 24b-24c). First, he was accused of making constant inquiries into the earth and sky because of his immense curiosity. New York: Hacket Publishing. Socrates on Trial. In support of the moral mission assigned him by the Oracle at Delphi, Socrates tells the court that his daimonion continually forbids him to act unethically (implicitly validating Meletus' accusation that Socrates believes in novel deities not of the Athenian pantheon). Your recently viewed items and featured recommendations. In the 4th century bce Athens had no norm of accurate reportage or faithful biography, and so Plato would have felt free to shape his material in whatever way suited his multiple aims.

Part of what he means is this. The matter of moral corruption is important for two reasons: (i) the accusation is that Socrates corrupted the rich, young men of Athens by teaching atheism; (ii) that if he is convicted of corruption, it will be because the playwright Aristophanes already had corrupted the minds of his audience, when they were young, by lampooning Socrates as the "Sophistical philosopher" in The Clouds, a comic play produced about twenty-four years earlier. He considered himself a younger colleague of Socrates, not a student or disciple.

After the death of Socrates, Plato may have traveled extensively in Greece, Italy, and Egypt, though on such particulars the evidence is uncertain.The followers of Pythagoras (c. 580–c. He then reformulates the diffuse accusations from the orators against him into the proper legal form: "Socrates is committing an injustice, in that he inquires into things below the earth and in the sky; and makes the weaker argument the stronger; and teaches others to follow his example" (19b-c).

In ''Apology,'' why does Socrates feel he is... St. Anselm's Ontological Argument for God's Existence, Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics: Summary & Analysis, Kant's Metaphysics of Morals: Summary & Analysis, The Republic by Plato: Summary & Explanation, Thomas Hobbes' Leviathan: Summary, Quotes & Analysis, Works and Days by Hesiod: Summary & Analysis, The Oresteia by Aeschylus: Summary & Themes, The Allegory of the Cave by Plato: Summary, Analysis & Explanation, The Theory of Forms by Plato: Definition & Examples, Greek Philosophy: History, Influence & Timeline, UExcel Introduction to Philosophy: Study Guide & Test Prep, Psychology 105: Research Methods in Psychology, UExcel Anatomy & Physiology: Study Guide & Test Prep, Economics 101: Principles of Microeconomics, Human Resource Management: Help and Review, Biological and Biomedical He says that in searching for a man wiser than himself, he earned the reputation of a social gadfly to the city of Athens and a bad reputation among her politically powerful personages. However, that did not prevent the jury form convicting Socrates. (1901). [11] When Chaerephon reported to him that the Oracle said there is no wiser man, Socrates interpreted that divine report as a riddle — because he was aware of possessing no wisdom "great or small", and that lying is not in the nature of the gods. He set about trying to prove the Oracle wrong by interrogating his fellow Athenians, searching for someone who was genuinely wise. Reexamining Socrates in the Apology. Socrates begins his legal defence by telling the jury that their minds were poisoned by his enemies when they (the jury) were young and impressionable.

First, I will discuss Socrates’ belief in other supernatural gods, and then discuss how he corrupted the youths of Athens with his impiety, showing how they validate my arguments. Apology, written by Plato, outlines what occurred during Socrates’ trial. Although he fought bravely for Athens during the war, Socrates was closely associated with characters like Alcibiades who some blamed for Athens' ultimate defeat. This statement was proof enough that Socrates did not give adequate reverence to the Athenian gods. Why would he want to do that? The main accusation brought against Socrates by Meletus was that Socrates did not believe in the state gods, but other supernatural beings (Brickhouse and Smith, 1989, p.64). The Apology of Socrates, by Plato, is a Socratic dialogue in three parts that cover the Trial of Socrates (399 BCE): (i) the legal self-defence of Socrates, (ii) the verdict of the jury, and (iii) the sentence of the court.

Become a Study.com member to unlock this He then asks the Athenians to correct his three sons if they value material wealth more than living virtuously, or if they become too prideful; and in doing that, justice will finally be served.

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Religious scandal and the coup of the oligarchs, The perceived fragility of Athenian democracy.
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One of them, no doubt, was to defend and praise Socrates by making use of many of the points Socrates himself had offered in his speech. IvyPanda.

He can't stop doing philosophy, he says, because "the unexamined life is not worth living.". There was no direct defense from Socrates on charges of impiety. Meletus accused Socrates of corrupting the young people of Athens with his impiety and believing in other supernatural gods other than those commissioned by the state of Athens. Therefore, according to Meletus’ accusations, Socrates believed in supernatural beings even though not those commissioned by the Athenian state. Although in none of Plato’s dialogues is Plato himself a conversational partner or even a witness to a conversation, in the Apology Socrates says that Plato is one of several friends in the audience.

Socrates tells the judges that Meletus has contradicted himself and then asks if Meletus has designed a test of intelligence for identifying logical contradictions. The database is updated daily, so anyone can easily find a relevant essay example. What Is the 'Ladder of Love' in Plato's 'Symposium'? We cannot eliminate the possibility that some parts of the speech Plato wrote were not actually delivered at the trial or were expressed rather differently. Cookies Policy, This term paper on “The Apology” by Plato: Socrates Accusations was written and submitted by your fellow student. We know that Xenophon was not present as a live witness.

The work was written by Plato who was present at the trial. [14] In such cases — where the penalty of death might arise as a legal sanction for the accusations is presented — Athenian law required that the prosecutor and the defendant each propose an administrative penalty to punish the actions reported in the accusations. ""The Apology" by Plato: Socrates Accusations." Retrieved from https://ivypanda.com/essays/the-apology-by-plato-socrates-accusations/.

But he stuck to his mission throughout his life. First, impiety resulted in punishment from the gods who brought disasters to the people. Socrates says he never was a paid teacher; therefore, he is not responsible for the corruption of any Athenian citizen. Socrates was sentenced to death after being found guilty on several charges. Please choose a different delivery location. Outside the Apology, Socrates’ impiety was evident in the Euthyphro. A few weeks later Socrates died by drinking hemlock, surrounded by his friends. He says that the accusations of him being a corrupter of youth began at the time of his obedience to the Oracle at Delphi, and tells how Chaerephon went to the Oracle, to ask her, the Pythian prophetess, if there was a man wiser than Socrates. In the Trial of Socrates, the judgement of the court was death for Socrates; most of the jurors voted for the death penalty (Apology 38c), yet Plato provides no jury-vote numbers in the text of the Apology of Socrates; but Diogenes Laërtius reports that 280 jurors voted for the death penalty and 220 jurors voted for a pecuniary fine for Socrates (2.42). The Apology was an account of Socrates defense of himself during the trial and was meant to honor him. IvyPanda, 30 May 2020, ivypanda.com/essays/the-apology-by-plato-socrates-accusations/. Except for Socrates's two dialogues with Meletus, about the nature and logic of his accusations of impiety, the text of the Apology of Socrates is in the first-person perspective and voice of the philosopher Socrates (24d–25d and 26b–27d). It offers what many scholars believe is a fairly reliable account of what the Athenian philosopher Socrates (469 BCE - 399 BCE) said in court on the day that he was tried and condemned to death on charges of impiety and corrupting the youth. On learning of that oracular pronouncement, Socrates says he was astounded, because, on the one hand, it is against the nature of the Oracle to lie, but, on the other hand, he knew he was not wise. By analyzing the deeper meaning and author’s purpose behind writing the “Apology”, one may be able to grasp a better understanding of the …show more content… Plato wrote the “Apology… When the thirty tyrants were overthrown in 403 BCE and democracy was restored in Athens, it was agreed that no-one should be prosecuted for things done during the war or during the reign of the tyrants.

Plato’s speech represents his creative attempt to defend Socrates and his way of life and to condemn those who voted to kill him.

Naturally, this made Socrates unpopular with those whose ignorance he exposed. I think it’s fair to say that both intended a justification for Socrates. "The Apology" by Plato: Socrates Accusations.

", Summary and Analysis of Plato's 'Euthyphro', An Introduction to Plato and His Philosophical Ideas, The 5 Great Schools of Ancient Greek Philosophy, The Slave Boy Experiment in Plato's 'Meno', Philosophers and Great Thinkers From Ancient Greece, Plato and Aristotle on Women: Selected Quotes, Top 10 Beatles Songs With Philosophical Themes. Socrates believed in god, which was the main reason why he withstood great suffering. Surely the last thing Plato would have wanted his readers to do with the Apology is to ignore its philosophical, religious, and political dimensions in order to concentrate solely on its accuracy as a piece of historical reportage. It offers not just a defense of Socrates the man but also a defense of the philosophical life, which is one reason it has always been popular with philosophers! Outside the Apology, Socrates’ impiety was evident in the Euthyphro. Please try again. The main reason why Socrates advanced his inquiry into the wisdom of the people of Athens was that he believed that god was using him to deliver important messages to the Athenian people (Helm, 1997, p.61). To calculate the overall star rating and percentage breakdown by star, we do not use a simple average. Socrates' formal refutation of the charges against him.

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