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Iapetus is heavily cratered, and Cassini images have revealed large impact basins, at least five of which are over 350 km (220 mi) wide. [26] The next moon inward from Iapetus, chaotically rotating Hyperion, also has an unusual reddish color. [43] More-recent studies, however, suggest that all of Saturn's moons inward of Titan are no more than 100 million years old; thus, Iapetus is unlikely to have formed in the same series of collisions as Rhea and all the other moons inward of Titan, and—along with Titan—may be a primordial satellite. Iapetus has a bright and a dark hemisphere, with a ridge running along its equator. This means that the bright hemisphere is visible from Earth when Iapetus is on the western side of Saturn, and that the dark hemisphere is visible when Iapetus is on the eastern side. NASA's Lunar Flashlight, a briefcase-sized satellite, or CubeSat, will detect surface ice believed to be at the bottom of craters on the Moon that have never been exposed to sunlight. Here are Five Reasons. Whether you're doing it for the nerd cred or the pie, this week on #10Things, we've got all the ways you can celebrate #PiDay with NASA. Unlike most of the large moons, its overall shape is neither spherical nor ellipsoid, but has a bulging waistline and squashed poles. Iapetus orbits at 2,213,000 miles (3,561,000 kilometers) from Saturn. Didymos B is getting an official name of its own: Dimorphos. This sublimation of volatiles causes the dark material to become even darker -- and causes neighboring bright, cold regions to become even brighter. [29] The dark material is a very thin layer, only a few tens of centimeters (approx. This hypothesis states that the bulge is in, This page was last edited on 13 October 2020, at 22:17. Saturn's third largest moon, Iapetus has a mean radius of 457 miles (736 kilometers) and a density only 1.2 times that of liquid water. The Next Full Moon is the Strawberry Moon, Mead Moon, Honey Moon, Vat Purnima, Poson Poya, and the LRO Moon. One suggestion for the cause of Iapetus's orbital inclination is an encounter between Saturn and another planet. Iapetus started as Saturn V, and it became Saturn VIII after additional moons were discovered. 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[27] It is estimated that over a period of one billion years at current temperatures, dark areas of Iapetus would lose about 20 meters (70 ft) of ice to sublimation, while the bright regions would lose only 10 cm (4 in), not considering the ice transferred from the dark regions. When first discovered, Iapetus was among four Saturnian moons labelled the Sidera Lodoicea by their discoverer Giovanni Cassini after King Louis XIV (the other three were Tethys, Dione and Rhea). Credit: NASA Visualization Technology Applications and Development (VTAD), Odysseus Crater on Tethys: Moon of Saturn. The orbit of Iapetus is somewhat unusual. Giovanni Cassini observed the dark-light difference of this moon's surface when he discovered Iapetus in 1671. The redistribution of ice is facilitated by Iapetus's weak gravity, which means that at ambient temperatures a water molecule can migrate from one hemisphere to the other in just a few hops. [26][27] In support of the hypothesis, simple numerical models of the exogenic deposition and thermal water redistribution processes can closely predict the two-toned appearance of Iapetus. The ridge's origin is unknown. John Herschel suggested that the moons of Saturn be associated with the mythical brothers and sisters of Kronus. The surface of Iapetus is heavily cratered, with large impact basins up to 580 kilometres across. Iapetus / aɪ ˈ æ p ɪ t ə s / is the third-largest natural satellite of Saturn, eleventh-largest in the Solar System, and the largest body in the Solar System known not to be in hydrostatic equilibrium. New analysis of data from NASA's Cassini spacecraft finds auroras at Saturn's poles may keep its atmosphere warm. The dark region is called Cassini Regio and is the principal feature of the leading hemisphere. The name has a largely obsolete variant, Japetus[15][16] /ˈdʒæpɪtəs/,[17] Dr. Lori Glaze This may help provide water for astronauts exploring the Moon during the Artemis program. NASA Official: There is dark material filling in low-lying regions, and light material on the weakly illuminated pole-facing slopes of craters, but no shades of grey. An alternate theory is that there might be ice volcanism distributing darker material to the surface. The next full Moon will be early Sunday morning, July 5, 2020. As the young gas giants formed, they were surrounded by discs of material that gradually coalesced into moons.

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