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The association aims to enhance co-operation among Southeast Asian community. ASEAN Free Trade Area has been established to encourage greater trade among ASEAN members. [5][6] On the other hand, apart from exceptions such as Borneo and Sumatra, Maritime Southeast Asia is a patchwork of recurring land-sea patterns on widely dispersed islands and archipelagos. The empire was annexed by colonial powers in the 19th century.

Islam and its notion of exclusivity and finality is incompatible with all other religions and the Chinese concept of heavenly harmony and the Son of Heaven as the enforcer. By the war's end in 1975, all these countries were controlled by communist parties. Regular and momentous voyages only began in the 16th century after the arrival of the Portuguese, who actively sought direct and competitive trade. They were usually accompanied by missionaries, who hoped to promote Christianity. However, pro-expansionist voices at the court in Peking lost influence after the 1450s and the voyages were discontinued. In 1970 , most of Southeast Asia had ended colonial rule . One of the Madrasian sites is Attirampakkam which is located near Chennai city (formerly Madras). The only part of that region that was never colonized is Thailand . Mainland Southeast Asia comprises Cambodia, Laos, Myanmar (or Burma), Peninsular Malaysia, Thailand and Vietnam whereas Maritime Southeast Asia comprises Brunei, Cocos (Keeling) Islands, Christmas Island, East Malaysia, East Timor, Indonesia, Philippines and Singapore. [17] A 2nd-century world map created by Ptolemy of Alexandria names the Malay Peninsula as Avrea Chersonesvs, (Golden Peninsula). After the Philippines became indepenent , many other countries pursued independence as well . ", "Islam: Islam in Southeast Asia – Dictionary definition of Islam: Islam in Southeast Asia", "Islam, The Spread Of Islam To Southeast Asia", "Introduction to Southeast Asia – The Arrival of Islam in Southeast Asia", "Made in China — National Geographic Magazine", "An Earlier Age of Commerce in Southeast Asia : 900–1300 C.E. The earliest Homo sapiens presence in Mainland Southeast Asia can be traced back to 50,000 years ago and to at least 40,000 years ago in Maritime Southeast Asia. [25][26] Java Man (Homo erectus erectus) and Homo floresiensis attest for a sustained regional presence and isolation, long enough for notable diversification of the species' specifics. Southeast Asia was now situated in the central area of convergence of the Indian and the East Asian maritime trade routes, the basis for economic and cultural growth. President Andrew Jackson also ordered America's first Sumatran punitive expedition of 1832, which was followed by a punitive expedition in 1838. The tools were characterized by increasingly wavy edges made through flaking. Indonesian Muslim responses to globalisation", "Southeast Asia: A political and economic introduction – Commons Library briefing – UK Parliament", "Zheng He – Chinese Admiral in the Indian Ocean", "The Travels of Marco Polo, the Venetian – Book III", "Chapter I — Description of the Settlement. By Joseph Kiprop on May 18 2017 in World Facts. During this period, iron was the primary tool making material due to the increased knowledge in the melting of iron ore. Items there found such as burial jars, earthenware, jade ornaments and other jewellery, stone tools, animal bones and human fossils date back to 47,000 years BP. Jun 13, 1521 Extensive trade between Arabia and China before the 10th century is well documented and has been corroborated by archaeological evidence (see: During the Mongol conquest and the subsequent rule of the Yuan dynasty (1271–1368) hundreds of thousands of Muslims entered China. Cultures existing during the South Asian Iron Age include black and red ware culture, Painted Gray Ware culture, Panchala, Kuru kingdom, and Maurya Empire. [66][67], The earliest Hindu kingdoms emerged in Sumatra and Java, followed by mainland polities such as Funan and Champa.
In this period, the empire enjoyed high levels of expansion from conquests in Samarkand, Punjab, and Kabul. The victory of the Khmer Rouge in Cambodia resulted in the Cambodian genocide.[119][120]. They came to colinize , trade , and sprad Roman Catholicism . Early United States entry into what was then called the East Indies (usually in reference to the Malay Archipelago) was low key. [65] Iron Age trade expansion caused regional geostrategic remodelling. [19] The term was officially used to designate the area of operation (the South East Asia Command, SEAC) for Anglo-American forces in the Pacific Theater of World War II from 1941 to 1945.[20]. A discontinuity[7] that admitted moderately sized thalassocratic states indifferent to territorial ambitions where growth and prosperity was associated with sea trade. This led directly to the Philippine–American War, in which the First Republic was defeated; wars followed with the Republic of Zamboanga, the Republic of Negros and the Republic of Katagalugan, all of which were also defeated. [4] Văn Lang, founded in the 7th century BCE endured until 258 BCE under the rule of the Hồng Bàng dynasty, as part of the Đông Sơn culture eventually sustained a dense and organised population, that produced an elaborate Bronze Age industry.

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